1. [Publications](/publications) 2. Manufacturing Application-Driven Foveated Near-Eye Displays # Manufacturing Application-Driven Foveated Near-Eye Displays ![](/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/publications/teaser_3.png?itok=Ar-ESzDU) Traditional optical manufacturing poses a great challenge to near-eye display designers due to large lead times in the order of multiple weeks, limiting the abilities of optical designers to iterate fast and explore beyond conventional designs. We present a complete near-eye display manufacturing pipeline with a day lead time using commodity hardware. Our novel manufacturing pipeline consists of several innovations including a rapid production technique to improve surface of a 3D printed component to optical quality suitable for near-eye display application, a computational design methodology using machine learning and ray tracing to create freeform static projection screen surfaces for near-eye displays that can represent arbitrary focal surfaces, and a custom projection lens design that distributes pixels non-uniformly for a foveated near-eye display hardware design candidate. We have demonstrated untethered augmented reality near-eye display prototypes to assess success of our technique, and show that a ski-goggles form factor, a large monocular field of view (30o×55o), and a resolution of12cycles per degree can be achieved. ## Authors Kaan Akşit (NVIDIA) Praneeth Chakravarthula (UNC) Kishore Rathinavel (UNC) Youngmo Jeong (NVIDIA) Rachel Albert (NVIDIA) Henry Fuchs (UNC) [David Luebke](/person/david-luebke) ## Publication Date Monday, March 25, 2019 ## Published in [IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics](https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2898781) ## Research Area [Computer Graphics](/research-area/computer-graphics) [VR, AR and Display Technology](/research-area/virtual-augmented-reality) ## External Links [Project website](https://kaanaksit.com/portfolio/manufacturing-application-driven-near-eye-displays/) [Presentation recording](https://youtu.be/jYWjqPeMSw8) ## Uploaded Files [Manuscript](https://research.nvidia.com/sites/default/files/pubs/2019-03_Manufacturing-Application-Driven-Foveated/08642529.pdf "Open file in new window")38.49 MB ## Copyright This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to .