A 0.11 pJ/Op, 0.32-128 TOPS, Scalable Multi-Chip-Module-based Deep Neural Network Accelerator with Ground-Reference Signaling in 16nm

This work presents a scalable deep neural network (DNN) accelerator consisting of 36 chips connected in a mesh network on a multi-chip-module (MCM) using ground-referenced signaling (GRS). While previous accelerators fabricated on a single monolithic die are limited to specific network sizes, the proposed architecture enables flexible scaling for efficient inference on a wide range of DNNs, from mobile to data center domains. The 16nm prototype achieves 1.29 TOPS/mm^2, 0.11 pJ/op energy efficiency, 4.01 TOPS peak performance for a 1-chip system, and 127.8 peak TOPS and 2615 images/s ResNet-50 inference for a 36-chip system.